Commercial Property Financing

Know Your Commercial Property Financing Options

While you are in the “shopping” phase of looking for a commercial property to purchase, you should begin to research your financing options. There are many kinds of commercial property financing options available, so it is important that you find the one that best suits your needs. It’s also very important to know how much you’re qualified to borrow. This will help you and your real estate broker find the right type of property for you faster.

No matter what type of loan you wind up getting, negotiating the loan will be based on the same basic factors: anticipated use of the property, expected returns from the property or business conducted there, geography, type and size of real estate, perceived risk to lender and market conditions. There is no one rate applicable to all commercial financing. The rate you receive will be based on your specific situation.

Just a few words about rates. There are two kinds of rates: fixed and variable. A fixed rate is the same throughout the life of the loan. A variable rate will change over time, and is based on the Prime Rate plus whatever margin your lender offers, based on your eligibility.

If interest rates are low, securing a low fixed rate will mean you pay less interest over the entire mortgage. A variable rate, which is considered by some to be more risky, can give you a lower payment for a period (before it increases), which will let you use the money saved for other investments.

In weighing your financing choices, remember that some debt is good. Don’t assume you should take the loan with the highest down payment requirement so you can “pay off your debt faster”. Putting down more money means you have less to invest in your business.

Term Loans
Based on how much money you need to borrow, there are different financing options available. One option is a term loan. Term loans can be used for a variety of purposes, including financing permanent working capital, new equipment, refinancing, expansion, acquisitions and, of course, buildings.

Banks provide the majority of term loans, and the term is based on the useful life of the asset being financed. The bank will consider your historic cash flow in order to decide on the terms for the loan.

There are loans specifically designed for commercial real estate or equipment. Banks typically lend up to 80% of the value of the real estate to be financed, and the loans must be repaid in 15 to 20 years. If you are able to come up with the remaining 20% on the cost of the property (and don’t have anywhere better to invest the money), this is an option to consider.

Up Up and Away
Beware of balloon payments. While paying a very low monthly amount at the start sounds great, you often end up spending additional money to refinance your commercial mortgage as lenders reset interest rates or reexamine you and your business over the life of the loan.

Credit Line
If you want a more flexible loan, you may have the option of a credit line that can provide you with cash on an as-needed basis, up to a cap amount. Credit lines almost always have a variable rate, and have interest-only payments for the first one to three years.

Equity Financing/Joint Ventures
Equity financing involves joint ventures with investors that have the capital you need. Usually, the investor will receive a percentage of your business’ profit in exchange for the capital you need to purchase the building or stock in the company if it is public.

Some investors will take a back seat to your executive decisions, while others will want a say in the operation of your company. Joint ventures are not for everyone, so keep in mind all of these factors when considering one.

The SBA 7(a) Loan Program
The SBA has a variety of financing products that are ideal for small businesses. The most commonly used SBA loan is the 7(a) Loan Program. The loan is provided through banks or non-bank lending institutions.
In order to be eligible for a 7(a) loan, your business must be for profit, and you cannot purchase real estate for investment purposes. There are many other guidelines to qualify for a 7(a) loan. The maximum amount a business can borrow from a 7(a) loan is $2 million. Furthermore, all SBA 7(a) loans have prime-based floating interest rates. This type of interest rate structure can leave you vulnerable to monthly/quarterly interest rate swings that can have a significant impact on your monthly mortgage payment.

Now you can see why it is so important to find a commercial lender who can help you digest all of this information and take the time to explain your options.